Refuse-incinerator.



E. KENER, Jn.

REFUSE INCINERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1o. w15.

PatentedApr. 23,1918.

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Refuse lNclNERAToR. APPLICATION FILED FEB. l0 |915.

Paten-md Apr. 23, ma

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y iiNirEio savait e EDWARD KEINER, JR., OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BUFFALO'CO-OJPERATIVE S'IOVJE' OO., BUFFALO, 'NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

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To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, EDWARD KENER, dlr.,` of Bu'alo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Reuse-Incinerators, of

. which the following is a specification.

'Ihis invention relates to an incinerator or a crematory which ismore particularly designed for'burning or destroying garbage or refuse fromthe kitchens of households, restaurants, hotels,` hospitals, etc., a device of this character being-shown in' my co-pending application Serial #826,613..

rIhe present invention is an improvement in this type of incinerators and. has for one 'of its objects the provislon of. improved means` for increasing or intensifying. lthe combustion of the gases and smo e develator, embodyin my invention. Fig. 2 is. a

transverse vertical section thereof taken, in lines`2 2, Fig. 1. Figs. V3 and 4 are 'her1- zontal sections taken in'lines 3 8 and 4 4, respectively, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 1s a vertlcal section taken in line 5 5, Fig. v.2, showing the cones in elevation. Fig. 6 is a' vertical section through the burners taken in line 6 6, Fig.4 2. Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical section Vtaken in line 7 7, Fig. 4, showing one of the side burners in elevation. Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation similar to Fig. '5 showing a modified construction lof the burner'.

' Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several 1 represents the hollow base of the incineratorA which isv preferably supported on legs 2 to .permit air to reach 'the 'underslde of the base. Above this basezis arranged the'ash..

speication of Lettervs Patentl Application led February 10, 1915. Serial No. 7,69.

atente-a' am. es, raie.

pit or box 2l which receives the ashes resulting from the combustion of the garbage or refuse and above the ash ypit is arranged the chamber, receptacle or compartment 5 which receives the refuse or garba 'e to be cremated 55 andtwhich has an outer wall 6.

3 represents the door or lid which controls an opening in the front side of the ash pit 4L for permitting the removal of the ashes from the pit and also to admit air to the fur- 60 nace and the material under treatment.- Above the refuse receptacle is located the outlet or combustion chamber 7 which re-` ceives the smoke and combustible vapors or gases 'ven off by the refuse during the 65 process-o incineration' which products are carried off to a vchimney leading to the outer atmosphere by means of a smoke pipe 8` comlIiunicating with the top of. the outlet chamer y Around the refuse receptacle is arranged a vertical by-pass, flue or passage 10 which has an outer wall 11 and which communi'- cates at its lower end with the ash pit and at its upperend with the upper end of the ref-y use receptacle and the outlet chamber and i also communicates with the lower part of the refuse receptacle by means of a plurality of openings 12 formed in the lower part of the refuse receptacle.

'Ihe refuse or Agarbageto be destroyed or reduced is introduced into the upperpart of the refuse receptacle through an inlet chute or spout-,13 which opens horizontally into the upper part ofthe refusereceptacle and 1s provided at its outer end witha lid or door 14 whereby the same may be opened and closed," as shown in Fig. 1. l

- At the lower end ofthe refuse receptacle is arranged a pair of grate sections or supports 15 for the material which is to be incinerated. rIhe central portions of these Vgrate sections are substantially conefshaped and extend upwardly forming spre'adlngv cones 16 which operate to spread the ma- 95 terial throwninto the refuse receptacle and prevent the same from packing, so that all parts of the material are exposed to the heating, drying and burning action of the fuel and quick and thorough consumption 10o 20 notched lug the refuse while being dried out previous to burning is inclined to cake and carbonize on the upper surface making it difficult for the blaze to penetrate the mass to be consumed. To overcome this the shafts 17 which carry the grate sections are agitated orI rocked by a shaker handle 20 mountedthereon so as to be compelled to lturn therewith but capable of.

swinging lengthwise of ksaid shaft for engaging or disengaging said handle with a 23 on the adjacent outer wall 55 of the incinerator. The pivotal connection between this yhandle preferably consists in providing the lower end of said handle with a slot and which receives a lug 2,5 22 extending upwardly from the burner shaft and is pivoted' thereto by a p in 21. The lower end of the notched portion of 'the shaker handle is constructed to bear against the burner and limit its forward movement, while lugs 23 secured to the wall section act to hold the handle in a vertical position when not in use. Thus by occasionally a 'tating-the grates the mass is broken up a owing the iiames to penetrate the mass more readily.

By agitating the mass of refuse that part of the same lying next to the grate which is completely reduced to ashes is discharged A into the ash piti to make room for additional fresh refuse at the top of the mass.

If desired the grate sections and spreading cones may be so constructed vthat they can be completely reversed-.for dumping the load resting on the grate into the ,ash pit.

45 Such a construction is shown in Fig. 8

and comprises a plurality of burner shafts 17a journaled side by side and each supporting a grate section 18 and a spreading cone 16'a so that the latter may be either turned upwardly into an operative position,

as shown by full lines in Fig. 8, or the same may be turned into a pendant position for dumping the grate, as shown by dotted lines in the same l figure. Each spreading cone is provided with a' pluralit of perforations 24, as shown in Figs. 6 an 7 Between the two shaking spreading cones is arrangedv a stationary spreading c one 25 x which tapers upwardly extending well above the sidecones. This central spreading cone is preferably made up of two s ections which are'provided at their meeting edges with corresponding pairs of coupling lugs 26, while the upper end thereof is and en- A provided with a cap 27 secured thereto by a bolt 28 passing through the cone'sections.

his cap acts to prevent dirt andthe like from getting in between the sections lwhen expanded due to the intense heat and clogging u the burner. The rear base ortion o this spreading cone is provided with laterally projectin lugs 29 adapted to be received in a slotte projection 30 extending inwardly from the wall 6 of the refuse chamber. 31 indicates a supporting bracket extending downwardly from the base of the center spreadin cone and ada ted to encircle a stationary urner 31 ho ding the center cone centrall with respect to the stationary burner. rYhe front portion of the center cone is also provided with downwardly projecting feet 32 which rest upon lugs 33 projecting laterally from the burner. This center spreading cone and cap are also provided with perforations 34 which act .to shoot the iiames horizontally across the uppery portion of the refuse chamber so as to intercept any gases passin from the refuse while being dried and burned.

Each of the burners preferably consists of a tube extending horizontally across the ineineratorhaving inlets 35, 35 at the front andrear ends respectively, and outlets 36, 36 l in the central portion thereof, the latter being separated by a partition 36".

The outlet 36 of each burner serves to deliver gas into the lower end ofthe companion spreading cone and communicates with the front gas inlet section 35 of the burner pipe through which the gas is supplied and the other outlet 36a opens downwardly toward the ash pit and delivers air to thegas issuing from the outlet 36, this air being supplied to the outlet 36a by the rear air inlet section 35'a with which it communicates and which opens at its rear end `to the outer atmosphere. By this means an auxiliary air supply for each burner is provided directly from` the exteriorl of the apparatus in addition to the su ply of air received from the ash pit, there y insuringthe maximum heating effect from the gas for promoting incineration of thev refuse.

37 represents a main gas supply pipe having a plurality ofregulating valves 38 each of which is provided with a conical nozzle 39 which projects in the inlet 35 of onel of the burners, thereby formingan air mixing device. This nozzle has a screw connection with the regulating valve so that the distance between the nozzle may be varied to l permit more or less air to pass between these vmembers and become mixed with the gas.

Upon throwing a batch of garbage or refuse int-o the refuse receptacle the spreading cones operate to break the same up more or less in such manner'that the mass bridges Laeaaea lthe space between the several spreading vto be quickly dried and reduced to ashes.

The heat of'tlie flames for this purpose passes partly from the bin-ners outwardly through the perforations in the cones of the side burners to the underside of the material also upwardly through the center cone and outwardly therefrom through its perforations and over the material, and also partly inward through the perforation in the side wall of the refuse chamb; From the latter the flames and heated air pass inwardly through the openings 12 in the lower part of the refuse receptacle and also over the upper edge of this receptacle into the interior thereof.

Those gases which are generated or developed from the garbage itself while .the

latter is being dried, heated and .burned more or less by the fuel flames is put into still better combustible condition as it passes into the uppermost chamber- 7 by the addition thereto of air which is supplied thereto by a circular air chamber 40 centrally located in said chamber and provided with. peripheral openings 41 and is connected to the outside atmosphere by a duct 42 leading to the front wall of theincinerator. rllhis air supply is further augmented by means of an upright air passage 43 arranged outside of the passage and communicating at its lower end by openings 44 in the ase with the external atmosphere and by openings 45 in the wall 11 with the chamber 7. By this means airis drawn from the space below the base, carried upwardly through the passage 43 and delivered through the openings 45 into the chamber 7 where it unites with air entering through the openings 41 and mixes with the gases rising from the material undergoing incineration,

whereby any combustible elements in these' gases are consumed and. any odors contained i therein are destroyed before the gases escape to the outer atmosphere.

As the fresh air from the external atmospliere passes upwardly through the passage 43 to the combustion chamber 7 the air is not only heated preliminarily to entering the combustion chamber 7 and is therefore in better condition for admixture with the inflammable gases or vapors therein', but

this air passing through the passage 43 also forms a heat insulating jacket which aids l in preventing radiation of heat from the incinerator to the surrounding space. By thus putting the inflammable gases or vapors which are enerated fromtlie refuse or garbage in a nal combustible condition in the chamber 7 the consumption or incineration of the garbage or refuse is completed in this chamber and rendered practically odorless.

' 1n order to prevent the air which passes upwardly through the-by-pass 10 from escaping irectly through the outlet or cornbustion chamber 7 to the smoke pipe, an outer ballie or deflector 46, preferably of' annular f orm, is arranged to extend from the inner slde ofthe by-pass wall 1l inwardly over the upper edge of the refuse receptacle, wall 6, as shown in Fig. 2,-whereby this air' 1s deflected inwardly into the 'upper part of the refuse receptacleV so that it becomes mixed v with the inflammable vapors or gases generated by the decomposition of the refuse.

. 1n order to prevent the vapors generated 1n the refuse receptacle from assing directly upward through the chamber 7 and out through the smoke ipe a central baflie or defiector 47, preferab yof circular and downwardly dished form, is arranged between the upper end of the refuse receptacle and the lower side of the chamber 7. The central baiie isprovided witherforations 48 to enable the gases and smo e developed from the garbage while the latter is being dried, heated and burned by the fuel flames to readily pass into the chamber 7 where the gases and smoke are mixed with the fresh air and are put in a combustible condition -so that they are entirely consumed, thus rendering'the incineration odorless. During the operatlon of thls incinerator `the baffle' or deflector 47 becomes red hot by the action of the flames issuing from the central spreading cone before the refuse has become dried out to any extent, so that this baffle will ignite any combustible gases coming in contact with the same and render the same practically inert and free from odor before escaping to the outer atmosphere. The central deflector or baffle is preferably removably supported at its rear ed e upon lugs 49 pro- )ecting inwardly from t e wall 11 and at its front b a lug 50 projecting outwardly from the ba e and resting on the shelf 51 formed by the bottom of the combustion chamber 7.

52, 53 indicate additional air jackets formed respectively between the' outer wall of the air passage and an intermediate wallN 54 and between the latter and an outer wall 55 which serve to prevent the incinerator or .crematory from undulyv heating the space immediately surrounding .the same and thereby rendering its presence in a kitchen unobjectionable.

lf desired a pilot light 17" may be provided for lighting either one or all of the burners preparatory to starting incineration.

This incinerator or crematory is compara-l tively simple and inexpensive in construction, andA 1s so constructed as to completely incinerate the-garbage without discharging any odor. Furthermore, it is of-such a construction that the gases developed during the consumption of the refuse is utilized as part of the heatin agent, thereby renderi the operation of t e apparatus comparative y in.-

l expensive.

I claim as my invention: U 1; A refuse lncmerator comprlsln a refuse receptacle havin a perforated wa an ash pit arranged be ow said receptacle, perforatedv cones arranged 1n said receptacle, burners arranged below said conesl and adapted to deliver Hames into the respective cones, an upright Hue surrounding said receptacle and communicatin 'at its lower end i5 with said ash pit, a comb'ustlon chamber communicating with the upper ends of sald receptacle and said Hue, an outer deHector projecting from the wall of stud-chamber 1nwardly over the upper end of the wall of said receptacle, and an annular air assage surroundm said Hue and receptac e connecting at its lower end with the outer atmosphere and at its upper end with the combustion chamber. j

2. A refuse incinerator comprisin a refuse receptacle having a perforated wa l, an ash vpit arranged below said receptacle, perforated cones arranged in said receptacle,

- burners arranged below said cones and adapted to deliver Hames 1nto the respectlve cones, an upright Hue surroundin saidI receptacle and communicating at itsy ower end with said ash pit, a combustion chamber communicating with the upper end of said receptacle and said Hue, an outer deHector projecting from the wall of said combustion chamber inwardly over the upper end of the wall of 'Said receptacle, an inner perforated deflector arranged between the upper end of Asaid receptacle and the lower end of said combustion chamber and projecting outa wardly over said outer deHector, and an anv ranged above said refuse chamber and nular air passage surrounding said Hue and receptacle connecting at its lower end with the outer atmosphere and at its upper'end with the combustion chamber.

3. A refuse incinerator comprising a refuse chamber, a combustion chamber ar' rovided with an outlet and an inlet forpair communicating directly with the outer atmosphere, a perforated baHie arranged between said refuse chamber and said vcombustion chamber, a perforated cone arranged centrally within the refuse chamber below said perforated baiiie, and means for feeding gas and air to the interior of said cone and producing a Haine Within the latter.

4. A refuse incinerator comprising a refuse chamber, a plurality of perforated spreading cones arranged in the lower part of said chamber, burners arranged below said chamber and supporting said cones and adapted to deliver Haines into the respective usel receptacle,

spreading cone arranged centrally therein,

conesthe outer burnersadapted to be oscillated.

5. A refuse incinerator comprising a refuse chamber, a stationary perforated spreading cone arranged centrally therein, a burner arranged below said chamber under said cone,'rocking grate cones arranged on either side of said stationary cone, and rocking burners arran ed below said cham ber and supporting said rocking grate and adapted to deliver Haines into the respective cones.

6. A refuse incinerator comprising a refuse chamber, a stationary perforated spreading cone arranged centrally therein, a stationary burner arranged below said chamber and supporting said cone, rocking grate cones arranged on either side of said stationary cone, and rocking burners arranged below said chamber and sup orting said rocking grate cones and adapted) to deliver Hames into the respective cones.

7 A refuse incinerator comprising a refuse chamber, a stationary perforated cone arranged centrally at the lower end thereof and extending up into said chamber, a burner arran ed below said cone and supporting the ont end thereof, the rear of said cone being supported in the wall of said chamber, rocking grate cones arranged on either side of said Stationary burner, and rocking burners arranged below said rocking grate and supporting said rocking grate cones and adapted to deliver flames into the use receptacle, a burner arranged below said receptacle and having a fuel supply pipe, a valve arranged in said pipe for controlling the passage of fuel to said burner at the front end thereof, and an air inlet extending from the rear of said burner to the center thereof independent of said fuel supply end.

10. A refuse incinerator 'comprising a refa stationary perforated a burner arranged below said receptacle under said cone and adapted to deliver a Hame into said cone, rocking grate cones arranged on either side of said stationary cone, rocking burners supporting said grate cones, an ash pit arranged below the refuse receptacle, a Hue arranged adjacent to the outer side of Weense said receptacle and communicating at its lower end with said ash pit, a combustion chamber communicating with the upper ends of said receptacle and flue, a smoke outlet flue communicating With the combustion chamber, an annular air passage surrounding said 'lue and receptacle and connecting at its lower end with the outer atmosphere,

and at its upper end with the combustion chamber, and an additional air inlet eX- w tending from the outer atmosphere to the central part of the combustion chamber.

Witness my hand this 8th day of February, 1915.

EDWARD KENER, JR. Witnesses:

THEO. L. Popp,

ANNA HEIGIS. 

